Cleveland Institute of Electronics (CIE) is a privately held technical and engineering college in Cleveland, Ohio, with a 4 year college 'World College' in Virginia Beach, Virginia. The Institute was established in 1934 by Carl E. Smith under the name Smith Practical Radio Institute to provide correspondence learning courses in the field of Radio and Electronics Engineering, and has served an international student body since its inception. CIE reached a milestone of 40,000 students from 70 countries around the world in 1972 and continued its exponential growth until 1995. In these years institutes started to provide educational content over the internet. In 2000, CIE began providing online examinations and assignment submission over the internet. The competition between formal universities and educational institutes over the internet resulted in a smaller market share of most of the correspondence learning institutions including CIE. In 1992 a wholly owned subsidiary was added to CIE called World College, located in Virginia. CIE offers Bachelor degree programs via World College.