The Catholic University Saint Anthony (in Spanish, la Universidad Católica San Antonio, known as Universidad Católica de Murcia, or UCAM) is a private university located in Murcia, southeastern Spain. Founded in 1996 by José Luis Mendoza Pérez, a lay Catholic, with the permission Bishop Javier Azagra Labiano of the Diocese of Cartagena, UCAM offers undergraduate and graduate programs in a variety of fields, as well as summer courses open to international students. The university is characterized by a firm commitment to Catholic orthodoxy and the moral and social doctrines of the Church. In 1990 Pope John Paul II promulgated the Apostolic Constitution Ex Corde Ecclesiae, which made allowance, in Article 3.3, for the establishment of Catholic universities by laypersons. Prior to Ex Corde Ecclesiae, only clergy and religious, along with affiliated institutions such as regional episcopal conferences and religious societies, were authorized under canon law to found institutes of higher learning under the patronage of the Roman Catholic Church.