The Art Institute of Boston (AIB) is a private, not-for-profit art school in Boston, Massachusetts, and a part of Lesley University. Undergraduate degree programs include animation, design, fine arts, illustration, and photography. Graduate degree programs focus on fine arts and photography, with an art history component. The school reports a faculty–student ratio of 1:10. Founded by Roy Davidson in 1912 as the School of Practical Art, AIB's early philosophy was based upon John Ruskin's words that it is "in art that the heart, the head, and the hand of a man come together" and Davidson's own belief that "beauty comes from the use." Through the mid-twentieth century the school increasingly embraced the fine arts and developed a growing liberal arts curriculum. In 1967 the school was renamed The Art Institute of Boston to acknowledge its increased focus upon fine art as well as design, illustration, and photography. In 1999 an animation program was begun within the Department of Illustration. AIB is a member of the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design (AICAD), a consortium of thirty-six leading art schools in the United States.