The Universidad Panamericana (commonly known as UP, English: Panamerican University) is a private Catholic university, located in Mexico. It is one of the three main campuses, the other two located in Guadalajara and in Aguascalientes since summer 2007. UP was founded in 1967 as a business school. A group of wealthy businessmen and academics gave life to the Panamerican Institute for High Business Direction (Instituto Panamericano de Alta Dirección de Empresas), later they promoted the creation of a university. The Panamerican Institute of Humanities (Instituto Panamericano de Humanidades- IPH), founded in 1968, merged with the IPADE and created the Panamerican University. It was all done under the spiritual direction of Opus Dei, a personal prelature of the Catholic Church. In 1978, the IPH was given University rank and took the name Universidad Panamericana, even though the IPADE and IPH conceived from their origins the universal and unitarian knowledge. It began with 2 programs: Pedagogy and Administration. During the 1970s new programs were added including Law and Philosophy (1970), Economics and Business Administration (1977), and Industrial Engineering (1978).